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Gipskartonio lubų montavimas  

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Atnaujinta Antradienis, 30 Lapkritis 2010 12:19
santechnika Šiuo metu galite rinktis iš įvairiausių tipų lubų (įtempiamos, dailylenčių, paprasčiausiai tinkuotos gelžbetonio perdangos bei montuojamos gipskartonio) Aptarsime kaip susimontuoti populiariausias – gipskartonio lubas. Šios lubos dažniausiai naudojamos gyvenamosiose patalpose.Kai kas vengia jų voniose, tačiau naudojant tinkamą drėgmei atsparų gipskartonį bei specialius vonios lubų dažus, tokios lubos tikrai ilgai tarnaus.Žinoma, ventiliacija vonioje yra privaloma, kitaip bet kokios lubos ims pelyti.

Pakabinamos lubos naudojamos tada, jei, pvz., reikia sumažinti patalpos aukštį, paslėpti instaliacijas arba išsikišusias laikančiąsias konstrukcijas. Čia aptarsime gispkartonio su metaliniu karkasu lubų konstravimo etapus.

Pirmiausia pasižymimas lubų aukštis (geriausia naudojant vandens gulsčiuką ir žymėjimo siūlą – detaliau žr. betonavimo darbų skyrelyje). Tuomet ant sienų pagal pažymėtą liniją (1 mm aukščiau nei linija) tvirtiname perimetrinius profilius (vadinami UD profiliai). Tvirtinti reikėtų ne rečiau nei kas 40 cm, būtinai pradedant ir baigiant sienos kampuose. Tvirtinimui reikėtų naudoti arba mūrvines (kalami sraigtai su kaiščiais – jei sienos pakankamai tvirtos), arba sukamus sraigtus su kaiščiais (jei sienos pamūrytos iš minkštos medžiagos).

Tuomet ant juodlubių (betono plokščių ar monolitinių lubų) skersai (ar išilgai, atsižvelgiant į kambario ilgį ir plotį – tarkim, jei kambario plotis yra 2,7 m (per lapo ilgį) – tuomet išilgai kambario) pasižymime lygiagrečias linijas – nuo šoninės sienos atmatavus 1,20 m, ir kas 1,2 m atstumu vieną nuo kitos. Po to ant šių linijų pasižymime taškus (pradedant 90 cm atstumu nuo vienos sienos ir kas 90 cm atstumu toliau) – šiuose taškuose tvirtinsime laikančiąsias vielas su asele (jei nuleidžiame lubas per 15 cm ir daugiau) arba U formos laikiklius (jei mažiau nei 15 cm nuleidžiame).

Pritvirtiname mūrvinėmis (jei juodlubės – monolitas) ar sukamais sraigtais su kaiščiais (jei juodlubės – perdengimo plokštės) šias tvirtinimo detales. Išilgai mūsų pažymėtų linijų ant lubų dedame laikančiuosius montavimo profilius (linija – profilio ašis) – abu galai turi pasidėti ant perimetrinio profilio viršaus (jei vienas profilis trumpesnis nei kambario ilgis, reikia sujungti šiuos profilius specialia jungtimi; ties sujungimu iš abiejų pusių turi būti prisukamas tvirtinimas prie lubų (viela arba U formos detalė)). Ant tvirtinimo vielų (jau prisuktų prie lubų) užmaunamos tvirtinimo pakabos.

lubu-karkaso-aseles

Tvirtinimo vielos su ąsele, prisuktos prie juodlubių.

Tvirtinimo pakabos įstumiamos į montavimo profilio griovelį. Jei naudojame U formos tvirtinimo detalę – tiesiog prisukame jas iš abiejų montavimo profilio šonų. Visa tai atliekant (jei būtina, reikia paslankioti pakabą nuspaudžiant spyruoklę, arba – jei U detalė, persukant varžtelius tvirtinančius profilį), svarbu pasiekti, kad montavimo profiliai būtų tiksliai vienoje horizontalioje plokštumoje – tai nulems lubų lygumą. Prie šių montavimo (konstrukcinių) profilių tvirtinsime profilius, kurie bus naudojami gipskartonio tvirtinimui (lubiniai profiliai).

Lubinius profilius pradedame tvirtinti 40 cm atstumu nuo vienos pasirinktos sienos skersai konstrukciniams profiliams, kas 40 cm vienas nuo kito (matuojant nuo profilių ašių) – abu galai turi būti įspraudžiami į perimetrinio profilio griovelį (jei neužtenka ilgio – sujungiant detale). Naudojame kryžmines dviejų lygių jungtis ir kryžiavimosi vietose pritvirtiname lubinius profilius prie laikančiųjų profilių. Karkasas padarytas, liko pritvirtinti gipskartonio lapus.

lubu-karkaso-fragmentas

Lubų karkaso fragmentas: perimetriniai profiliai tvirtinami ant sienų, laikančioji viela su ąsele, ant kurios užmauta slanki pakaba – tvirinta laikantįjį profilį, kryžminis dviejų lygių sujungimas, sujungiantis laikantįjį profilį su lubiniu profiliu.

Pastaba: jei naudojame U formos laikiklius, galime ir nedaryti dviejų lygių karkaso – tačiau tuomet šiuos laikiklius reikės tvirtinti dažniau (ant kiekvieno lubų montavimo profilio, kas 90 cm). Taip bus sudėtingiau sureguliuoti lubų plokštumą ir daugiau darbo tvirtinant.

Lapus tvirtiname išilgai lubinių profilių, naudodami gipso-metalo savisriegius, kas 15 cm. Tarpusavyje lapai turi būti priglaudžiami kuo arčiau vienas kito, paliekant tarpelius palei sienas. Jei reikia jungti lapus galais, būtinai reikia pritvirtinti skersinius sujungimų vietose – išvengsime skilimų vėliau.

lubu-karkaso-fragmentas

Sumontuotos lubos iš viršaus.

Prieš tvirtindami gipskartonio lapus galime pakloti izoliacinę medžiagą (šilumai ar garsui izoliuoti). Jei naudojame vatą, ji neturėtų liestis prie gipskartonio – laikui bėgant dėl to gipskartonis gali išsibanguoti.

Jei dėl kokios nors priežasties nenaudojame aliuminio profilių, analogiška lubų konstrukcija daroma iš medinių tašelių (50 x 30 mm, 60 x 40 mm).


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